The Business Review

School of Business Studies

University of Kashmir

ISSN: 0972-8384

Work-family conflict is a mounting problem in the contemporary world and vast majority of men and women complain that their employment inhibits their work commitment. Therefore, drawing on the overreaching theoretical framework of stressor-strain-outcome theory, this study aims to explore the association between three work-family conflicts (viz. time-based conflict, strain-based conflict and behaviour-based conflict) and organisational commitment measured in terms of affective, normative and continuance commitment. Moreover, this study has integrated emotional exhaustion as a mediator in between work-family conflict and organizational commitment. Data was collected from 357 female health professionals working across various tertiary public sector hospitals in North India using multistage cluster sampling. Data was tested using Structural Equation Modelling in SMART-PLS. The analysis of the data revealed that time-based conflict, strain-based conflict and behaviour-based conflict had a significant relationship with affective commitment and continuance commitment. However, contrary to our hypotheses, the association of time-based conflict, strain-based conflict and behaviour-based conflict with normative commitment was found to be insignificant. Additionally, emotional exhaustion partially mediated the relationship between time-based conflict, strainbased conflict, behaviour-based conflict and affective commitment and continuance commitment. Further, the association between time-based conflict, strain-based conflict, behaviour-based conflict and normative commitment was fully mediated by emotional exhaustion. Studies on work-family conflict may not be very new, still it is in the “nascent stage” in India and researchers have contended that more studies need to be conducted. Moreover, majority of the studies aimed at establishing an association between work-family conflict and organizational commitment treated commitment as an affective relationship between the workers and the organization. This study aimed to fill this lacuna in the literature. The practical implications of the findings are also discussed and suggestions to health organizations are provided.

With an aim to review and analyze literature on authentic leadership, this study using Systematic literature Review (SLR) process found 42 articles from 30 peerreviewed English journals. The review after following due process of identification as warranted under SLR found several antecedents such as empathy, selfknowledge, emotional intelligence to and also a few outcomes of authentic leadership such as job satisfaction, work engagement, employee creativity. The review provides an increased understanding of the existing state of current research, trends and future research directions on authentic leadership.However, this research is limited to a review of imperial papers on authentic leadership obtained from various online databases, thus, excluding the other academic sources such as review papers, books, and conference papers. The theoretical and practical implications for policy makers and researchers form the other important components of this review

EDPs is on the economic agenda of the state government right from the beginning. During the last five years (2004-2008), around 76 EDPs were conducted in the state in which 2,909 persons were trained. So far no worthwhile study has been conducted on the effectiveness of EDPs in the state while as number of studies have been conducted elsewhere. To fill-in this research gap, the present study has been undertaken with the purpose to assess the relationship between personal &socioeconomic variables with the performance of EDPs in the State of J&K. The data was processed and analyzed by making use of multiple statistical tools and techniques like parametric tests i.e. Z test, percentage statistics and standard deviation which has revealed no influence of educational qualification and habitat on the start-up rate. But age, work experience, economic status and family background of trainees have been found to have influenced the start-up rate. The age at which a person is more likely to start-up an enterprise after attending EDPs is 30-35 years.

In this paper, an attempt has been made to work out regime-based elasticity and buoyancy of Indirect Tax Reforms in Jammu and Kashmir over the time span of last three decades (1990-91 to 2019-20). The whole period has been divided into three phases or regimes as per the reforms made in the indirect tax structure of UT of Jammu and Kashmir. The period from 1991-2005 was the erstwhile General Sales Tax regime, then VAT period from 2005-2017 and finally Goods and Services Tax regime (GST) w.e.f. 2017-2020. In order to eliminate discretionary effects, Exponential Smoothing Method has been applied to filter out the discretionary effects from the actual tax revenue. After that, an econometric model (Johansen Co - integration technique) has been used to work out the strength of tax revenues in terms of buoyancy and elasticity coefficients. The study found indirect tax structure of Jammu and Kashmir to be highly buoyant among all the regime periods. While making a comparative analysis, it was found that indirect taxes possess high buoyancy coefficients as compared to States Own Tax Revenues, Revenue Resources and Total Tax Revenue. The growth of revenure during the Pre-GST regime occurred mainly due to discretionary tax measures ( buoyancy > elasticity) while as during GST regime, it occurred largly due to increase in state gross domestic product (elasticity > buoyancy).

The present study attempts to identify export determinants of Pakistan with its major trade partners from 2003 to 2020 using gravity model of trade. The analysis quantifies impact of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) signed between Pakistan and China on export flow of the country in relation to other trade agreements where only one country is part of the agreement. Similarly, potential of Pakistan with these trade partners is examined which reveals that the country enjoys huge export potential with neighbouring countries. Moreover, export potential exists with other countries including USA, and Kuwait that could provide a way for future policy efforts for trade expansion. However, results show that export potential with China has been exhausted which may be due to improved trade relations between the two countries in recent years

Migrant entrepreneurship (ME) is a significant worldwide issue that is relevant to a wide range of scholarly discussions. It is experiencing a renaissance due to globalization, ever-increasing migration flows, and the recent demographic crisis associated with political chaos in a number of regions around the world on one side and the recent health crisis induced by the COVID-19 pandemic on the other. ME is on the rise not just in small, marginal firms but also in large institutions such as technological-based enterprises. Migration is an inter-disciplinary concept. Nonetheless, along with other fields, a conceptual understanding of the interconnected concepts of migration and entrepreneurshipis also needed in the management field. In response, this article aims to gain insight into the intertwined processes of migration and entrepreneurship. The paper provides a conceptual understanding of migration and entrepreneurship and presents a brief view of rising migrant entrepreneurship and the factors influencing it. The migrant entrepreneurs' number continues to increase. The migration case may be wilful, or sometimes it can be via threat or compulsion, but the entrepreneurial characteristics such as risk-taking and adaptability of migrants prove fruitful to both the host nation as well as to the home nation.

Over the past few decades, women in India have made significant strides as leaders in education, government jobs, private sectors, and entrepreneurship. Despite facing immense challenges, there has been a growing emphasis on promoting the growth of women as entrepreneurs. In this context, the paper reviews relevant literature and data from various sources, including government reports and research studies, to examine the entrepreneurial environment, challenges, and the slow progress of women entrepreneurs due to social and cultural barriers and suggests measures to overcome these challenges.The paper also discusses the role of women entrepreneurship in the economic development of the country and the strategies to overcome the barriers for the success of women entrepreneurs in India by providing the insights into the current state of women entrepreneurship in India. Various governmental initiatives through various schemes to boost women entrepreneurship have been critically analysed and the recommendations have been put forth for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners to further promote and support women entrepreneurship in the country.

Employee commitment is a key aspect in determining an organization's performance and is influenced by a number of variables, including work qualities. This study intends to explore the connection between employees' levels of organizational commitment and how they perceive their jobs to be. When we talk about job characteristics, we mean the aspects of the job that have an impact on an employee's motivation, contentment, and performance. Examples include task variety, autonomy, feedback, skill variety, and task significance. According to study, workers who believe their jobs have these qualities are more likely to be loyal to their employers. The emotional bond that an employee has with their employer is referred to as organizational commitment. The literature review pertaining to the present study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between job characteristics and organizational commitment, examining studies that investigate both variables independently and studies that examine their relationship. The study has used credible sources, including Emerald Insight, Science Direct, Springer, and Google Scholar, which provide access to a vast collection of scholarly articles and research studies. The findings of this study will provide insights into how job characteristics influence employee commitment to the organization and can help organizations design jobs that enhance employee motivation, satisfaction, and commitment